{"id":17811,"date":"2015-08-27T09:48:49","date_gmt":"2015-08-27T16:48:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/?p=17811"},"modified":"2016-11-30T11:52:06","modified_gmt":"2016-11-30T19:52:06","slug":"suspensions-101-diagnosing-the-two-basic-types-of-front-suspensions","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/suspensions-101-diagnosing-the-two-basic-types-of-front-suspensions\/","title":{"rendered":"Suspensions 101: Diagnosing the Two Basic Types of Front Suspensions"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_17812\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17812\" style=\"width: 638px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/maxresdefault.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"17812\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/suspensions-101-diagnosing-the-two-basic-types-of-front-suspensions\/maxresdefault-6\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/maxresdefault.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"1280,720\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"maxresdefault\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;We take a look at how to diagnose and fix steering system problems.&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/maxresdefault-300x169.jpg\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/maxresdefault-1024x576.jpg\" class=\"size-large wp-image-17812\" src=\"http:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/maxresdefault-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"We take a look at how to diagnose and fix steering system problems.\" width=\"638\" height=\"359\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/maxresdefault-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/maxresdefault-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/maxresdefault-308x173.jpg 308w, https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/maxresdefault-678x381.jpg 678w, https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/maxresdefault.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 638px) 100vw, 638px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-17812\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">We take a look at how to diagnose and fix steering system problems.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Your strip burner has one of two basic types of front suspensions holding it to the road. \u00a0Most cars produced before the mid-to-late seventies were equipped with what we call a parallelogram type suspension, while most passenger cars produced since then have had rack and pinion suspensions. \u00a0The easiest way to describe the differences between the two is to describe the mechanism that actually pushes the wheels left and right as you steer. \u00a0Parallelogram suspension uses a steering rack to steer.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_17813\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17813\" style=\"width: 638px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/steering-gear-box-71630113.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"17813\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/suspensions-101-diagnosing-the-two-basic-types-of-front-suspensions\/steering-gear-box-71630113\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/steering-gear-box-71630113.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"1200,800\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"steering-gear-box-71630113\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;A typical steering gear box.&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/steering-gear-box-71630113-300x200.jpg\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/steering-gear-box-71630113-1024x683.jpg\" class=\"size-large wp-image-17813\" src=\"http:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/steering-gear-box-71630113-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"A typical steering gear box.\" width=\"638\" height=\"426\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/steering-gear-box-71630113-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/steering-gear-box-71630113-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/steering-gear-box-71630113.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 638px) 100vw, 638px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-17813\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">A typical steering gear box.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>The Basic Parts of a Parallelogram Suspension<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Other than the steering column, which both suspension types share, there are two &#8220;sections&#8221; of a parallelogram steering suspension: the worm gear\/steering gear box and the parallelogram assembly. \u00a0The steering parallelogram assembly consists of:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Four tie rod ends-two inner and two outer<\/li>\n<li>An idler arm mounted on the passenger side of the vehicle<\/li>\n<li>A Pitman arm mounted to the bottom of the steering gearbox<\/li>\n<li>A drag or center link connecting everything else<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure id=\"attachment_17814\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17814\" style=\"width: 638px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/71XhYFsmV6L._SL1500_.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"17814\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/suspensions-101-diagnosing-the-two-basic-types-of-front-suspensions\/71xhyfsmv6l-_sl1500_\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/71XhYFsmV6L._SL1500_.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"1200,800\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"71XhYFsmV6L._SL1500_\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;An outer tie rod end.  This one happens to be for a rack and pinion system.&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/71XhYFsmV6L._SL1500_-300x200.jpg\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/71XhYFsmV6L._SL1500_-1024x683.jpg\" class=\"size-large wp-image-17814\" src=\"http:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/71XhYFsmV6L._SL1500_-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"An outer tie rod end. This one happens to be for a rack and pinion system.\" width=\"638\" height=\"426\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/71XhYFsmV6L._SL1500_-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/71XhYFsmV6L._SL1500_-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/71XhYFsmV6L._SL1500_.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 638px) 100vw, 638px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-17814\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">An outer tie rod end. This one happens to be for a rack and pinion system.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>The tie rod ends in a parallelogram steering setup have ends that are reverse-threaded &#8211; one is right hand and the other is left. \u00a0They are connected by a threaded sleeve that is used to adjust steering toe during an alignment. \u00a0The Pitman arm connects to the drag\/center link and is what moves the parallelogram to steer the vehicle when you turn the steering wheel. \u00a0The idler arm simply supports the passenger side of the parallelogram.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_17815\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17815\" style=\"width: 638px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/65-66-Steering.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"17815\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/suspensions-101-diagnosing-the-two-basic-types-of-front-suspensions\/65-66-steering\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/65-66-Steering.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"1200,800\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"65 &amp;#8211; 66 Steering\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;Typical arrangement of a steering gear box\/parallelogram steering system.  This one is off of a 65-66 Ford Mustang,&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/65-66-Steering-300x200.jpg\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/65-66-Steering-1024x683.jpg\" class=\"size-large wp-image-17815\" src=\"http:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/65-66-Steering-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"Typical arrangement of a steering gear box\/parallelogram steering system. This one is off of a 65-66 Ford Mustang,\" width=\"638\" height=\"426\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/65-66-Steering-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/65-66-Steering-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/65-66-Steering.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 638px) 100vw, 638px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-17815\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Typical arrangement of a steering gear box\/parallelogram steering system. This one is off of a 65-66 Ford Mustang.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>How the Parallelogram Steering System Works<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>When the driver of a car equipped with this type of steering system makes a steering input, the steering wheel turns the steering shaft\/steering input shaft which is connected to the steering gearbox\/worm gear input shaft. \u00a0The turns a worm gear that meshes with another gear connected to the output shaft. \u00a0As the worm gear turns, the gear causes the output shaft to turn.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_17816\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17816\" style=\"width: 638px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/C-SUSPENSION-09-steering-linkage.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"17816\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/suspensions-101-diagnosing-the-two-basic-types-of-front-suspensions\/c-suspension-09-steering-linkage\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/C-SUSPENSION-09-steering-linkage.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"1200,800\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"C-SUSPENSION-09-steering-linkage\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;A manual steering rack and pinion unit.&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/C-SUSPENSION-09-steering-linkage-300x200.jpg\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/C-SUSPENSION-09-steering-linkage-1024x683.jpg\" class=\"size-large wp-image-17816\" src=\"http:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/C-SUSPENSION-09-steering-linkage-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"A manual steering rack and pinion unit.\" width=\"638\" height=\"426\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/C-SUSPENSION-09-steering-linkage-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/C-SUSPENSION-09-steering-linkage-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/C-SUSPENSION-09-steering-linkage.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 638px) 100vw, 638px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-17816\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Another labeled diagram of a parallelogram system.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>At the other end of the output shaft is the Pitman arm. \u00a0This is connected to the drag\/center link which spans the vehicle side to side. \u00a0The passenger side of the drag link is supported by the idler arm which is mounted on the passenger side frame rail. \u00a0At either end of the drag link is an inner tie rod end. \u00a0The inner tie rod end is connected by threaded sleeve to the outer tie rod end, which is in turn connected to the steering knuckle. \u00a0When you turn the wheel, the Pitman arm is turned in the corresponding direction, thus moving the steering linkage (parallelogram) and thus turning the wheels to make the desired turn.<\/p>\n<p><strong>The Basic parts of the Rack and Pinion Suspension<\/strong><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_17817\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17817\" style=\"width: 638px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/steering_rack.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"17817\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/suspensions-101-diagnosing-the-two-basic-types-of-front-suspensions\/steering_rack\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/steering_rack.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"1200,800\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"steering_rack\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;A manual steering rack and pinion unit.&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/steering_rack-300x200.jpg\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/steering_rack-1024x683.jpg\" class=\"size-large wp-image-17817\" src=\"http:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/steering_rack-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"A manual steering rack and pinion unit.\" width=\"638\" height=\"426\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/steering_rack-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/steering_rack-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/steering_rack.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 638px) 100vw, 638px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-17817\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">A manual steering rack and pinion unit.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>The rack and pinion system is both simpler and more complex than the parallelogram system. \u00a0It&#8217;s simpler because there are fewer components involved that we can see: the steering rack and two tie rod ends. \u00a0It&#8217;s more complex for the same reason: There are parts of the system that we can&#8217;t see inside the steering rack.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_17818\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17818\" style=\"width: 638px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/0900c1528005009f.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"17818\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/suspensions-101-diagnosing-the-two-basic-types-of-front-suspensions\/0900c1528005009f\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/0900c1528005009f.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"1200,800\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"0900c1528005009f\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;Blown-up diagram of a rack and pinion unit.&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/0900c1528005009f-300x200.jpg\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/0900c1528005009f-1024x683.jpg\" class=\"size-large wp-image-17818\" src=\"http:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/0900c1528005009f-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"Blown-up diagram of a rack and pinion unit.\" width=\"638\" height=\"426\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/0900c1528005009f-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/0900c1528005009f-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/0900c1528005009f.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 638px) 100vw, 638px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-17818\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Blown-up diagram of a rack and pinion unit.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>These internal parts are the rack and pinion themselves, and two outer tie rods. \u00a0These outer tie rods connect by a rotatable shaft to the outer tie rod ends. \u00a0The rotating shaft is used to <a href=\"http:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/2015\/08\/25\/diagnosing-and-fixing-minor-alignment-issues\/\" target=\"_blank\">adjust toe during an alignment.<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>How the Rack and Pinion Steering System Works<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The rack and pinion system is much easier to visualize. \u00a0The driver commands a turn, turning the steering column which is connected to the pinion input shaft. \u00a0Inside the steering rack body at the other end of the input shaft, the pinion rests against the steering rack. \u00a0The steering rack is simply a long bar with gear teeth cut into it. \u00a0As the steering pinion is turned, the teeth push the rack one way or the other.<\/p>\n<p>Just inside the rack housing at either end of the steering rack there are two inner tie rod\/sockets. \u00a0Extending out from each of these is a rod that is threaded at the end. \u00a0Threaded onto that rod is the outer tie rod end, which in turn is connected to the steering knuckle. \u00a0Thus, as the steering rack is pushed one way or another, the rack and tie sockets push or pull the steering wheel, causing the wheels to turn and the vehicle to make the desired turn.<\/p>\n<p><strong>How Steering System Wear Presents Itself as You Drive<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>In a word, looseness. \u00a0You&#8217;ll feel like you have to turn the wheel too much to get the desired turn. \u00a0Another way you can tell you might have a problem with the steering system is if the car &#8220;jumps&#8221; back and forth as you drive in a straight line. \u00a0Wear causes the parts to loosen. \u00a0Each of the parts in both types of systems is considered a &#8220;wear item&#8221;. \u00a0However, it&#8217;s pretty rare to need to swap out or repair a gearbox or steering rack.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Diagnosing Steering Problems with Parallelograms<\/strong><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_17821\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17821\" style=\"width: 638px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/pa2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"17821\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/suspensions-101-diagnosing-the-two-basic-types-of-front-suspensions\/pa2\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/pa2.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"1200,800\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"pa2\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;Pitman arm.  Look closely and you&amp;#8217;ll notice the &amp;#8220;key&amp;#8221; than ensures it is installed properly.  It is a flat section in the splined opening.&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/pa2-300x200.jpg\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/pa2-1024x683.jpg\" class=\"size-large wp-image-17821\" src=\"http:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/pa2-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"Pitman arm. Look closely and you'll notice the &quot;key&quot; than ensures it is installed properly. It is a flat section in the splined opening.\" width=\"638\" height=\"426\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/pa2-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/pa2-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/pa2.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 638px) 100vw, 638px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-17821\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Pitman arm. Look closely and you&#8217;ll notice the &#8220;key&#8221; than ensures it is installed properly. It is a flat section in the splined opening.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>So you&#8217;ve noticed a certain &#8220;squishiness&#8221; in your steering and you want to know why. \u00a0Figuring out which component(s) has\/have gone bad is quite easy. \u00a0It&#8217;s just a matter of push, pull, and squeeze. \u00a0To check the idler arm, grab the joint where it meets the rest of the parallelogram and push and pull it up and down with moderate force. \u00a0Don&#8217;t muscle it, though. \u00a0You shouldn&#8217;t be able to cause up and down motion using only moderate force. \u00a0If you can, it needs to be replaced. \u00a0What&#8217;s happening is that it&#8217;s bouncing up and down as you drive, pushing and pulling the wheels in and out while the car moves.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/Idler-Arm.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"17822\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/suspensions-101-diagnosing-the-two-basic-types-of-front-suspensions\/idler-arm\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/Idler-Arm.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"1200,800\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Idler-Arm\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/Idler-Arm-300x200.jpg\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/Idler-Arm-1024x683.jpg\" class=\" size-large wp-image-17822 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/Idler-Arm-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"Idler-Arm\" width=\"638\" height=\"426\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/Idler-Arm-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/Idler-Arm-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/Idler-Arm.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 638px) 100vw, 638px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Everything else in the parallelogram is diagnosed by squeezing, by hand. \u00a0If someone tells you to use something like a pair of Channellocks to check the Pitarm, drag link, or tie rods, hit them with it. \u00a0Grasp the part, let&#8217;s say tie rod end in your fist, and squeeze. \u00a0The only movement you should feel should be the squishiness of your hand, nothing more. \u00a0If you feel a slight lick or thump in either your palm or your fingers, replace the part. \u00a0Worn tie rod ends or a worn Pitman arm can manifest as either both wheels wiggling in and out (Pitman arm) or just one (tie rod ends).<\/p>\n<p><strong>Replacing Parallelogram Components<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Replacing everything but the Pitman is actually really easy. \u00a0Remove the cotter pin that keeps the castellated nut from turning and loosen the nut a few threads. \u00a0Using either a tie rod separator or a pickle fork, separate the tie rod from the component it&#8217;s attached to, Pitman arm, idler arm, steering knuckle.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_17823\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17823\" style=\"width: 638px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/71nH-Bp3vLL._SL1500_.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"17823\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/suspensions-101-diagnosing-the-two-basic-types-of-front-suspensions\/71nhbp3vll-_sl1500_\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/71nH-Bp3vLL._SL1500_.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"1200,800\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"71nH+Bp3vLL._SL1500_\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;Tie rod adjusting sleeve.&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/71nH-Bp3vLL._SL1500_-300x200.jpg\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/71nH-Bp3vLL._SL1500_-1024x683.jpg\" class=\"size-large wp-image-17823\" src=\"http:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/71nH-Bp3vLL._SL1500_-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"Tie rod adjusting sleeve.\" width=\"638\" height=\"426\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/71nH-Bp3vLL._SL1500_-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/71nH-Bp3vLL._SL1500_-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/71nH-Bp3vLL._SL1500_.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 638px) 100vw, 638px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-17823\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tie rod adjusting sleeve.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>If you&#8217;re replacing tie rod ends, first make note of approximately how many threads are exposed outside the adjuster sleeve. \u00a0Now loosen the tie rod adjuster sleeve nuts and bolts and spin the tie rod off. \u00a0Thread the new tie rod into the sleeve until the same number of threads are exposed and snug the adjuster sleeve bolts up. \u00a0Slip the tie rod stud through the corresponding hole and thread the castellated nut on. \u00a0Tighten the nut to approximately 40 lb-ft of torque.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/pitman_arm.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"17824\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/suspensions-101-diagnosing-the-two-basic-types-of-front-suspensions\/pitman_arm\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/pitman_arm.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"1200,800\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"pitman_arm\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/pitman_arm-300x200.jpg\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/pitman_arm-1024x683.jpg\" class=\" size-large wp-image-17824 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/pitman_arm-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"pitman_arm\" width=\"638\" height=\"426\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/pitman_arm-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/pitman_arm-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/pitman_arm.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 638px) 100vw, 638px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>To finish up, tighten the nut in small increments until the hole in the stud is exposed and slide a cotter pin through the nut and stud and bend the ends over or around the nut\/stud. \u00a0After replacing what needs to be replaced, set the toe and you&#8217;re done.<\/p>\n<p>Replacing the idler arm is similar, except there&#8217;s no threaded sleeve to worry about. \u00a0Most idler arms are bolted to the frame with either two or three bolts. \u00a0Disconnect the idler from the drag link using the tie rod separation procedure them remove the bolts. \u00a0Put the new idler in by reversing the steps: bolt it to the frame and reconnect it to the parallelogram.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_17825\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17825\" style=\"width: 638px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/image_18337.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"17825\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/suspensions-101-diagnosing-the-two-basic-types-of-front-suspensions\/image_18337\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/image_18337.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"1200,800\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image_18337\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;When working on drag links, tie rod ends, or idler arms, go old school with a pickle fork.  NEVER use one of these when removing the Pitman arm, steering gear damage can occur.&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/image_18337-300x200.jpg\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/image_18337-1024x683.jpg\" class=\"size-large wp-image-17825\" src=\"http:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/image_18337-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"When working on drag links, tie rod ends, or idler arms, go old school with a pickle fork. NEVER use one of these when removing the Pitman arm, steering gear damage can occur.\" width=\"638\" height=\"426\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/image_18337-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/image_18337-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/image_18337.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 638px) 100vw, 638px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-17825\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">When working on drag links, tie rod ends, or idler arms, go old school with a pickle fork. NEVER use one of these when removing the Pitman arm, steering gear damage can occur.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>Diagnosing Problems Rack and Pinion Steering<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The only difference between most rack and pinion problems and parallelogram problems is in the way inner tie sockets are diagnosed. \u00a0The outer tie rod ends are diagnosed the same way, by squeezing and feeling for movement or clicking in the joint.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_17826\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17826\" style=\"width: 638px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/TIE-ROD-ENDS-OUTER-COURIER-BRAVO.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"17826\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/suspensions-101-diagnosing-the-two-basic-types-of-front-suspensions\/tierodendsoutercourierbravo\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/TIE-ROD-ENDS-OUTER-COURIER-BRAVO.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"1200,800\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"TIE+ROD+ENDS+OUTER+COURIER+BRAVO\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;Examples of rack and pinion inner tie sockets and outer tie rod ends.&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/TIE-ROD-ENDS-OUTER-COURIER-BRAVO-300x200.jpg\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/TIE-ROD-ENDS-OUTER-COURIER-BRAVO-1024x683.jpg\" class=\"size-large wp-image-17826\" src=\"http:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/TIE-ROD-ENDS-OUTER-COURIER-BRAVO-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"Examples of rack and pinion inner tie sockets and outer tie rod ends.\" width=\"638\" height=\"426\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/TIE-ROD-ENDS-OUTER-COURIER-BRAVO-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/TIE-ROD-ENDS-OUTER-COURIER-BRAVO-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/TIE-ROD-ENDS-OUTER-COURIER-BRAVO.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 638px) 100vw, 638px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-17826\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Examples of rack and pinion inner tie sockets and outer tie rod ends.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>To diagnose the inner sockets, turn the wheel so the rack is fully extended towards you. \u00a0Next, firmly squeeze the dust boot until you can feel the socket and connecting rod. \u00a0Now, squeesing the tire between your body and one hand, push and pull the wheel in and out. \u00a0You should feel absolutely no movement in the tie socket. \u00a0If you do, it&#8217;s worn and needs to be replaced.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Replacing Worn Rack and Pinion Components<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Replacing the outer tie rod ends on a rack and pinion system is the same as for parallelogram systems, the difference lies in replacing the inner tie socket. \u00a0Remove the clamps securing the dust boot to the rack housing and the extension rod and slide it outboard as far as it will go.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_17827\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17827\" style=\"width: 638px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/tie-rod-end-pliers-714650.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"17827\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/suspensions-101-diagnosing-the-two-basic-types-of-front-suspensions\/tie-rod-end-pliers-714650\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/tie-rod-end-pliers-714650.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"1200,800\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"tie-rod-end-pliers-714650\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;Tie rod pliers in use to separate the tie rod end from the steering knuckle.  We can see threads inboard of the tie rod, thus we know this is on a rack and pinion system.&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/tie-rod-end-pliers-714650-300x200.jpg\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/tie-rod-end-pliers-714650-1024x683.jpg\" class=\"size-large wp-image-17827\" src=\"http:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/tie-rod-end-pliers-714650-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"Tie rod pliers in use to separate the tie rod end from the steering knuckle. We can see threads inboard of the tie rod, thus we know this is on a rack and pinion system.\" width=\"638\" height=\"426\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/tie-rod-end-pliers-714650-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/tie-rod-end-pliers-714650-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/tie-rod-end-pliers-714650.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 638px) 100vw, 638px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-17827\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tie rod pliers in use to separate the tie rod end from the steering knuckle. We can see threads inboard of the tie rod, thus we know this is on a rack and pinion system.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Remove the locking pin that extends through the socket and rack, with a small punch and hammer. \u00a0You don&#8217;t want to hit it with much force, just enough to get it to slide out enough to remove with pliers. \u00a0Next, grasp the steering rack with either an adjustable wrench or an open end wrench, but <b><i>NOT<\/i><\/b> pliers. \u00a0Using another wrench, loosen and remove the inner socket from the rack. \u00a0Make note of how many threads on the extension rod are exposed at the tie rod end and remove it from the tie rod end. \u00a0You can, but don&#8217;t need to, remove the outer tie rod end from the steering knuckle.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_17828\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17828\" style=\"width: 638px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/CP1390045_5pc_FRONT_END_SERVICES_SET_w.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"17828\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/suspensions-101-diagnosing-the-two-basic-types-of-front-suspensions\/cp1390045_5pc_front_end_services_set_w\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/CP1390045_5pc_FRONT_END_SERVICES_SET_w.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"1200,800\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"CP1390045_5pc_FRONT_END_SERVICES_SET_w\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;This tool set is almost all you need to service both types of steering systems.&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/CP1390045_5pc_FRONT_END_SERVICES_SET_w-300x200.jpg\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/CP1390045_5pc_FRONT_END_SERVICES_SET_w-1024x683.jpg\" class=\"size-large wp-image-17828\" src=\"http:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/CP1390045_5pc_FRONT_END_SERVICES_SET_w-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"This tool set is almost all you need to service both types of steering systems.\" width=\"638\" height=\"426\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/CP1390045_5pc_FRONT_END_SERVICES_SET_w-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/CP1390045_5pc_FRONT_END_SERVICES_SET_w-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/CP1390045_5pc_FRONT_END_SERVICES_SET_w.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 638px) 100vw, 638px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-17828\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">This tool set is almost all you need to service both types of steering systems.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Slide the dust boot over the new extension rod. \u00a0Thread the extension rod of the new inner socket into the outer tie rod end until the same number of threads are left exposed as were on the old one, but don&#8217;t lock it down yet. \u00a0Thread the new inner socket onto the steering rack until hand tight. \u00a0Finish tightening the inner socket by holding the steering rack with a wrench and tightening the socket. \u00a0Now, keep tightening in very small increments until the lock pin hole in the new socket lines up with the hole in the rack. \u00a0Tap the lock pin back into place and secure the dust boot in place with the clamps. \u00a0Finally, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/2015\/08\/25\/diagnosing-and-fixing-minor-alignment-issues\/\" target=\"_blank\">set the toe according to spec.<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"mh-excerpt\"><p>Learn the different types of suspension systems and how to diagnose issues.<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":28,"featured_media":17829,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[5011,11,9],"tags":[4800,1074,3304,461],"class_list":["post-17811","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-chassis-suspension","category-how-tos","category-tech-tips","tag-how-tos","tag-mike-aguilar","tag-suspension-systems","tag-tech-tips-2"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/pitman_arm1.jpg","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p42YSK-4Dh","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17811","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/28"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17811"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17811\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17830,"href":"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17811\/revisions\/17830"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/17829"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17811"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17811"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.racingjunk.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17811"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}